Temporary residents with student visas are allowed to renew their student permits before they expire in order to extend their course of study. By extending one’s visa, one is not allowed to stay in Canada permanently.
Immigrants who wish to stay in Canada permanently should look into one of the many immigration programs offered by Citizenship and Immigration Canada, for example, the Canadian Experience Class program.
Students have the choice to either apply online or on paper for their new student visa status, but either way it is important to start the process more than 30 days before the visa expires. The expiry date is included in the study permit itself. 
If you have already lost your student status you can renew this status within 90 days of the expiry date through a slightly different process. However, you will be allowed to stay in Canada as this application is processed.
Most of the study permit extension paperwork is self-explanatory and included online at Citizenship and Immigration Canada’s website.
Students who wish to work as well as study in Canada will have to file for a work permit. This will be particularly relevant application for those who wish to eventually immigrate as a Canadian Experience Class permanent resident.
Permanent Residency is an immigration status in Canada that allows immigrants to live, work, study and travel throughout the country at will and indefinitely. After a few years of permanent residency, immigrants have the chance to become full citizens.
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